AI Literacy & Critical Thinking

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A comprehensive collection of educational resources on digital education and political education in a digital society. The platform provides background information, teaching materials, educational activities, multimedia content, and Open Educational Resources addressing digital literacy, media literacy, online participation, digital platforms, data protection, opinion formation, and the societal impact of digitalisation. Civic education on Instagram: Germany’s […]

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A comprehensive collection of educational resources on digital education and political education in a digital society. The platform provides background information, teaching materials, educational activities, multimedia content, and Open Educational Resources addressing digital literacy, media literacy, online participation, digital platforms, data protection, opinion formation, and the societal impact of digitalisation.

  • Civic education on Instagram: Germany’s federal civic education agency uses Instagram to explain democracy, digitalisation, and digital politics through accessible posts, visuals, and links.
  • AI, machine learning, and democracy: Articles introduce critical AI literacy, explaining how AI affects political participation, public debate, power, and democratic processes.
  • AI and democracy podcasts: Podcast episodes explore the relationship between AI and democratic life, including algorithmic public spheres, educational technology, and preparing students for AI-mediated politics.
  • Media literacy: A practical handout explains how platforms shape opinion formation and develops skills in source evaluation, content creation, risk awareness, media reflection, and understanding media’s role in political decision-making.
  • Political concepts in easy language: An audio glossary explains basic concepts such as democracy, dictatorship, and censorship, making political vocabulary more accessible.
  • Internet control in Iran: An interview examines state censorship, surveillance, and the development of a national internet in Iran, alongside resistance and counterculture online.
  • TikTok, surveillance, and shadow banning: Explores how content moderation and platform surveillance affect visibility, freedom of expression, and political education.
  • Analysing memes: The “MATTER” and “MEMES” methods provide structured approaches for journalists and educators to analyse memes and use them as teaching materials.
  • The Fediverse: Introduces the decentralised network of social platforms that operate across independent servers while allowing users to connect through a common account.
  • “Enshittification” and platform decline: Explains Cory Doctorow’s theory that online platforms can gradually become worse for users as their business models and incentives change.
  • Political AI influencers: Examines the emergence of AI-generated political influencers, including their growing visibility in the context of Germany’s 2025 federal election.
  • Disaster preparedness in schools: Introduces a crisis curriculum developed to help schools prepare for and respond to emergencies.
  • Social media “bait”: Uses the metaphor of bait to explain how emotionally provocative content encourages users to click, comment, and share.
  • Social media age restrictions: Explores the debate over whether social networks should be legally restricted for children and young people under 16.
  • Dog whistles: Explains how coded language can carry a second meaning intended for a particular audience, an important concept for understanding political communication.
  • The digital divide: Examines how unequal access to digital technologies and infrastructure can create broader social and political inequalities.
  • Automation bias: Explores why people—including teachers and students—may trust AI-generated results too readily, highlighting the importance of questioning AI outputs.
  • New forms of assessment: Describes a school project in which teachers from 25 Bavarian schools developed alternative approaches to student assessment.
  • How AI image generators work: Introduces the basic mechanisms behind AI-generated images and explains how these increasingly accessible tools function.
  • Data poisoning: Explains how AI systems can be manipulated through false or deliberately altered training data.
  • Cybergrooming: Raises awareness of how adults may gain children’s trust online for sexual exploitation, highlighting media literacy as a protective measure.
  • Digital well-being: Provides an overview of how students can develop a healthy relationship with digital media.
  • AI and energy consumption: Highlights that generative AI can require significantly more energy and resources than a conventional search query.
  • Future skills: Explores the idea of skills needed to navigate future challenges, with different definitions sharing an emphasis on adapting to changing conditions.
  • Trust-checking: Presents an approach to identifying disinformation that aims to assess trustworthiness without requiring the extensive fact-by-fact verification used in traditional fact-checking.
  • AI bias and training data: Explains that AI systems reflect the data they are trained on, which can reproduce existing social biases and prejudices.
  • Data literacy: Defines the ability to collect, manage, evaluate, and use data critically and responsibly.
  • AI companions: Explains how AI companions provide emotional support and simulated companionship, including romantic or sexual interactions.
  • Algospeak: Explains how users deliberately alter words or phrases to avoid or bypass platform algorithms and moderation systems.
  • AI and colonial continuities: An interview examines the often invisible human labour behind AI and digital technologies and discusses how colonial power structures can persist within these systems.
  • AI and learning processes: Explores how AI is affecting learning in schools, combining research with practical experiences from teacher education.
  • Paradoxes of AI in schools: An AI and education expert identifies nine contradictory or unexpected effects of AI use in schools and discusses ways to address them.
  • Public-interest AI: Presents recommendations for developing AI technologies that are open, democratic, and oriented toward the public good.
  • TikTok and historical content: Examines the growing presence of historical and counterfactual content on TikTok, considering both its educational potential and its risks.
  • Students’ views of AI: Explores how students perceive the increasing role of generative AI in teaching and learning, as its use becomes more common among educators.
  • AI-generated manipulation and extremism: Discusses how AI makes online content manipulation easier and what this means for preventing extremism.
  • AI behind social media feeds: Explains how much AI and algorithms influence what users see in their feeds and considers the broader social consequences.
  • AI and the EdTech market: Examines who develops educational software, how AI is changing the EdTech market, and how these technologies are evolving.
  • AI and inclusive education: Investigates whether AI can make education more accessible and inclusive, while considering limitations and challenges.
  • AI, autonomy, and efficiency: Discusses how AI affects the autonomy of teachers and learners and questions whether promised efficiency and time savings are always realised.
  • Intelligent tutoring systems: Explores the use of AI-powered tutoring systems in schools, their educational potential, and situations where they should—or should not—be used.
  • Deepfakes and democracy: Examines how AI-generated deepfakes make it easier to manipulate images, video, and audio, creating risks for democracy and society.
  • AI and digital memory culture: Explores how AI could support digital remembrance and historical memory, particularly when eyewitnesses are no longer available.
  • AI’s impact on teaching: Discusses how the widespread presence of AI is changing teaching and learning processes and the role of schools.
  • AI and machine learning basics: A podcast introduction to AI and machine learning, combining expert discussion with accessible examples.
  • Stable Diffusion: Introduces Stable Diffusion, an AI image-generation system that creates images from text prompts.
  • AI and the future of work: Examines how AI is changing jobs, professional activities, and training requirements, emphasising collaboration between educators and learners.
  • AI and university assessment: Explores how widespread AI use is challenging traditional examination and assessment practices in higher education.
  • AI beyond technical skills: Emphasises that understanding AI requires more than technical knowledge; it also means considering how technology affects society and human relationships.
  • AI and accessibility: Examines how AI can help remove barriers and expand participation in education, while also considering the conditions needed for this to work effectively.
  • ChatGPT and education: Experts discuss how ChatGPT and other AI systems could reshape education and access to knowledge.
  • AI, witnesses, and emotions: Explores the use of AI in historical memory and interactions with representations of eyewitnesses, including the emotional dimensions of such technologies.
  • The “Flying Classroom”: Introduces an educational project in a converted aircraft where students learn about AI through hands-on methods and new learning environments.
  • AI in higher education: Presents publicly funded projects supporting AI in higher education and research, highlighting different approaches to integrating the technology.
  • AI and media regulation: Discusses how AI could be used to address illegal online content and media-law violations, including challenges for regulators.
  • AI for the public good: Explores principles for ensuring AI is developed and deployed in ways that serve society and the public interest.
  • AI and moral decision-making: Questions whether AI systems can be given a moral compass and what this would mean for education and society.
  • Preparing educators for AI: Emphasises that teachers and students need to be prepared for machine learning and AI-supported educational environments.
  • AI as part of everyday life: Examines how AI has moved from a future concept to an increasingly normal part of everyday life and education.
  • Robots in education: Uses the idea of robots working in education as a thought experiment to explore possible future roles for AI and robotics in schools.
  • AI through comics and storytelling: Uses comic essays and different narratives to explore controversial AI debates and examine how stories and representations shape perceptions of technology.

Why it matters for ENACT-AI

The collection provides a strong foundation for understanding how digital technologies shape political communication and society. It is also increasingly relevant to AI education, as bpb's digital education content addresses AI and the changing information environment.

Learning outcomes

Learners can develop digital and media literacy, critically evaluate information and online content, understand how digital platforms influence opinion formation, identify opportunities and risks associated with digital technologies, reflect on data collection and privacy, understand forms of digital political participation, and assess how digitalisation affects democratic processes and society.

Suggested activity

Use the bpb material on digital opinion formation. Ask learners to compare how the same political topic is presented across different online platforms, identify factors that may influence what information users encounter, and discuss the role of algorithms, platform design, and personal data in shaping information environments. Learners then develop criteria for critically evaluating online political information. The bpb materials specifically include activities on why people may see different news online and how digital platform mechanisms influence opinion formation.